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�R�U����z%Z�^�+W����J � �;+Z�G�>�ژ_"�ƅ��vp�;ʹ���3�|m�K~8�gE$��w0U�ޠߒQS�^��������]k,,~OcK�G���K`;O`%�՚�?1g9�T\��O�n�̀���^��#��j]��Y�+�P�Ppt����a)~%�Y-Z�(`��Lp�~�!�nA[�����%P�`�`��$����S���f����H��^V��0�"ܩ��L� /Type /XObject /ColorSpace /DeviceGray The idea behind frame relay is that you have a single infrastructure from the service provider and multiple customers are connected to it, effectively sharing everything. This can be a plunger being drawn towards the solenoid or an armature being attracted towards the poles of an electromagnet, as shown in the figure. /BitsPerComponent 8 >> /ca 1.0 Relay logic basically consists of relays wired up in a particular fashion to perform the desired switching operations. stream With the help of this article I have tried to explain two things. x�k�� �m@��q��4� ����endstream ]47���f|�1��`�����Lf6K���~͟��Y��0���Ho�G}�ׯ?�}|���!�=��}����Qw��[[S��G�%7\��{�V׳��d{�ܰb+3N��d�w����^V���h�iZzJC�X�l���(��N �r`q��'X�]�#�˹��y�ʽ_��p_�*���L���,&��B��y,�����2���(/�'��O�"���C��X֨�W�eu��8S��ߞEy�hn_(_�!.q) ��"+�Zv�GLO���;�SeM\x>27PKY��HL�����QI.�nś��nW�6���0�N�^��f��_��p���+���;Mڪ�v%��O$z!��bF��fj'd�>l�0�Qtv����*J�! /Subtype /Image Relay accomplishes this with static queries and ahead-of-time code generation. 8 0 obj - A relay in which the characteristics are modified by the introduction of some quantity other than the actuating quantity, and which is usually in opposition to the actuating quantity. >> protection shape) of distance relays is the mho characteristic, a circular type reach characteristic. endobj 1 0 obj
/Length 7 0 R Electric energy is one of the fundamental resources of modern industrial society. relay to provide magnetism in the zero current position. SSRs, however, employ semiconductor switching elements, such as thyristors, TYPES OF RELAY INTRODUCTION TO PROTECTIVE RELAYING WHAT IS PROTECTIVE RELAYING? They are used in various circuits and many of us have problem of how to use a relay. /BitsPerComponent 8 endobj the relay to switch on or off automatically. x����N�e���?�.4i�R��0A*+��i�456Ѹ� /SMask 12 0 R When input voltage is applied across its coil, NC changes to NO and NO changes to NC. (IA/ICTL/IAC) [60] field relay (power system device function numbers) A relay that functions on a given or abnormally low value or failure of machine field current, or on an excessive value stream relays. A Relay comprises of an electromagnet and a contact unit. Distance relays have a settable maximum torque angle (mta), which is the angle of the current compared to the angle of the voltage at which the relay is most sensitive. endobj These relays can work with both AC and DC supply and attract a metal bar or a piece of metal when power is supplied to the coil. In order to understand the function of protective relaying systems, one must be familiar with the nature and the modes of operation of an electric power system. /Type /ExtGState Their design is based on the use of analogue electronic devices instead of coils and magnets to create the relay … 1. /Filter /FlateDecode /AIS false Break-before-make Contacts. /Width 1971 An introduction to Reed Relay basics (Part 1): Reed Relay Basics. This is a picture of frame relay and it works a bit different. x���_d�#��P�(ъ�Z�WL!��P�~���T���!��ވO�� �^�Kendstream When we %PDF-1.4 /Height 2471 RELAYING PRINCIPLES. /BitsPerComponent 8 B3�y&3�?澮�~�������g�?23333333333+�pkmk��;KW����������� endobj It uses electromagnetism from small voltage to provide higher voltages. endobj The definition is: Activating the contact unit using electromagnetic attraction, which is produced when electric current exceeding the specified value flows to the electromagnet; the voltage and current (input signal) applied to the coil opens or shuts the contact. Introduction to Relays. Relay Seminar Report with PPT and PDF Free Download: An electrical switch which uses an electromagnet to move a switch from off position to on position instead of using a person to move switch is called as a relay.Very less amount of power is utilized in turning on a relay and it also has the ability to control something which draws a huge amount of power. This p roduces a retarding effect on motion of the rotor in either di rection. stream 4 0 obj stream /Height 16 3 0 obj Technical Explanation for Solid-state Relays Introduction What Is a Solid State Relay? Reed relays contain a reed switch, a coil for creating a magnetic field, an optional diode for handling back EMF from the coil, a package and a method of connecting to the reed switch and the coil to outside of the package. /Creator (��) /Filter /FlateDecode /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB 2 0 obj
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View INTRODUCTION TO POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION & RELAYS PPT.pdf from EEE 56 at JNTU College of Engineering. /CA 1.0 /Width 1971 /Producer (�� w k h t m l t o p d f) Introduction and Architecture of Numerical Relay April 25, 2018 September 29, 2016 by admin Most of us are aware of Electromagnetic Relays and Static Relays but most us may not be well acquainted with Numerical Relay. The relay is a well known and widely used component Applications range from classic panel built control systems to modem interfaces between control microprocessors and their power circuits or any application where reliable galvanic separation is … e7tip relay control test sel- 387a . /SA true 7 0 obj x��� ���H��dBP��m%�6 �q. A DHCP relay agent is a host that forwards DHCP packets between clients and servers that do not reside on a shared physical subnet. Relay agent forwarding is distinct from the normal forwarding of an IP router where … /SMask 6 0 R These are operated to open or close the load contacts in response to one or more electrical quantities like voltage and current. P. GOPALA KRISHNA ADE/400KV/APTRANSCO Power Systems Protection -Introduction Power Systems Actually, a relay is nothing but a combination of one or more open or closed contacts. Electric power is available to the user << A Solid State Relay (SSR) is a re lay that does not have a moving contact. >> 54 Relay is a JavaScript framework for building data-driven React applications powered by GraphQL, designed from the ground up to be easy to use, extensible and, most of all, performant. In the middle you see a cloud with an icon you probably haven’t seen before. 14 0 obj >> 1.1 Basic ideas of Relay Protection A good electric power system should ensure the availability of electrical power without any interruption to every load connected to it. Relays allow a small current Eric Scace, an engineer at Sprint International, invented Frame Relay as a simpler version of the X.25 protocol to use across Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) interfaces. << line differential relay sel-311l sel te7l-p relay control test switch its-2 differential protection and automation system schweitzer va engineering laboratories current & potential test switch 1 vc ia. /Type /XObject a tree branch short-circuiting a power line) and then automatically re-close the breaker to test whether or not the fault has cleared. /Subtype /Image /Type /XObject Normal operation - It involves requirements for supplying the existing load and a certain amount of anticipated future load. INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATION SYSTEM SARIATI Page 9 The relay's switch connections are usually labelled COM, NC and NO: COM = Common, always connect to this, it is the moving part of the switch. Types of protection relays are mainly based on their characteristic, logic, on actuating parameter and operation mechanism. [�212��~��Y >$�8tz;QtL�wX����}TQ��8�.��J�R�=����r�^,~�I�ֱ�옣����x��(6k�����/�͐�l�Q����Òj`Nd��^��4�6�J1���С��:S�b{�.�6ć���,h+�����+k�6ɴA�,��z��M��R>�.V���?HU�C���A�U���sC'�M@y��D`G�(dX�6�S�0��_9�t��3MOs����ڪ�\�녣e �l (P6 $( �
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